What was the name of the Tsar? Nicholas II
	What was the name of the Tsar’s secret police?  Okrana
	Name one Russian defeat in the First World War. Tannenberg or Masurian Lakes
	Name the two groups into which the Social and Democratic Labour Party was divided. Bolsheviks and Mensheviks
	Name the Prime Minister who had tried to reform Russia in the 1900s. Stolypin
	What was the capital city of Tsarist Russia? Saint Petersburg
	How many million men left the fields to join the army? 15 million
	What happened on International Women’s Day? 8 March 1917: demonstrations/ bread riots.
	Who was the leader of the ‘Provisional Government’? Kerensky
	What date did the Tsar abdicate? 15 March 1917
	What did Petrograd Soviet Order Number 1 say? Order Number 1 forbade soldiers and workers to obey the provisional Government unless the Soviet agreed.
	Which general revolted in August 1917, revolts, but was defeated by the Bolsheviks? Kornilov tried a right-wing/ pro-Tsar army coup in August 1917.
	Give the dates of the Bolshevik Revolution. 6–8 November: The October Revolution – the Bolshevik coup d’état
	What was the name of he building which was the provisional Government’s headquarters? Winter Palace
	What did Lenin call his plans for Russia? the ‘April Theses’
	What was the Bolsheviks’ slogan?  ‘Peace, Bread, Land’ / ‘All Power to the Soviets’
	What was the Bolshevik newspaper? Pravda
	Who was leader of the Red Guards in 1917?  Trotsky
	How many seats did the Bolsheviks win in the elections of November 1917? 175
	What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk decide? gave big areas of Russia’s best agricultural and industrial land to Germany – Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
	Which law gave workers an 8-hour day, unemployment pay and pensions? The Labour Law
	What was the name of the Bolshevik secret police? CHEKA (secret police)
	What was ‘the dictatorship of the proletariat’? a dictatorship was needed until Russia was changed into a Communist country.
	Name the general of one of the ‘White’ armies. General Yudenich and Deniken attacked from W, Admiral Kolchak from E.
	What did the Comintern declare? Under Zinoviev, it declared that it would cause communist revolutions all over the world.
	When was the last White army in Russia defeated? in the Crimea in 1920.
	Where was there a mutiny against the Bolsheviks in 1921? the Kronstadt Naval Base
	Describe TWO main ideas of the new Economic Policy. New Small Businesses/ Experts/ Lenin let the peasants sell their surplus, and pay a tax instead.
	Name three Rightists in the Politburo. Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky
	Name two Leftists. Zinoviev and Kamenev
	What was ‘Socialism in one country’? USSR should first become strong, then try to bring world revolution.
	What was the name of Stalin’s secret police? OGPU, became the NKVD in 1934.
	Whose murder started the purges in 1934? Kirov
	What was the name of Stalin’s system of workcamps? Gulag
	What were the ‘Apparatchiks’? party members loyal to Stalin
	When did Stalin first announce (voluntary) collectivisation? 1927
	How many million kulaks were ‘eliminated’? 7
	What was a kolkhoz? Collective farm
	How many million peasants left the countryside to work in the towns, 1928–37? 17
	What was a ‘Stakhanovite’? A hard worker