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What was the name of the Tsar?

Nicholas II

What was the name of the Tsar’s secret police? 

Okhrana

Name one Russian defeat in the First World War.

Tannenberg or Masurian Lakes

Name the two groups into which the Social and Democratic Labour Party was divided.

Bolsheviks and Mensheviks

Name the Prime Minister who had tried to reform Russia in the 1900s.

Stolypin

What was the capital city of Tsarist Russia?

Saint Petersburg

How many million men left the fields to join the army?

15 million

What happened on International Women’s Day?

8 March 1917: demonstrations/ bread riots.

Who was the leader of the ‘Provisional Government’?

Kerensky

What date did the Tsar abdicate?

15 March 1917

What did Petrograd Soviet Order Number 1 say?

Order Number 1 forbade soldiers and workers to obey the provisional Government unless the Soviet agreed.

Which general revolted in August 1917, revolts, but was defeated by the Bolsheviks?

Kornilov tried a right-wing/ pro-Tsar army coup in August 1917.

Give the dates of the Bolshevik Revolution.

6–8 November: The October Revolution – the Bolshevik coup d’état

What was the name of he building which was the provisional Government’s headquarters?

Winter Palace

What did Lenin call his plans for Russia?

the ‘April Theses’

What was the Bolsheviks’ slogan? 

‘Peace, Bread, Land’ / ‘All Power to the Soviets’

What was the Bolshevik newspaper?

Pravda

Who was leader of the Red Guards in 1917? 

Trotsky

How many seats did the Bolsheviks win in the elections of November 1917?

175

What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk decide?

gave big areas of Russia’s best agricultural and industrial land to Germany – Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

Which law gave workers an 8-hour day, unemployment pay and pensions?

The Labour Law

What was the name of the Bolshevik secret police?

CHEKA (secret police)

What was ‘the dictatorship of the proletariat’?

a dictatorship was needed until Russia was changed into a Communist country.

Name the general of one of the ‘White’ armies.

General Yudenich and Deniken attacked from W, Admiral Kolchak from E.

What did the Comintern declare?

Under Zinoviev, it declared that it would cause communist revolutions all over the world.

When was the last White army in Russia defeated?

in the Crimea in 1920.

Where was there a mutiny against the Bolsheviks in 1921?

the Kronstadt Naval Base

Describe TWO main ideas of the new Economic Policy.

New Small Businesses/ Experts/ Lenin let the peasants sell their surplus, and pay a tax instead.

Name three Rightists in the Politburo.

Bukharin, Rykov and Tomsky

Name two Leftists.

Zinoviev and Kamenev

What was ‘Socialism in one country’?

USSR should first become strong, then try to bring world revolution.

What was the name of Stalin’s secret police?

OGPU, became the NKVD in 1934.

Whose murder started the purges in 1934?

Kirov

What was the name of Stalin’s system of workcamps?

Gulag

What were the ‘Apparatchiks’?

party members loyal to Stalin

When did Stalin first announce (voluntary) collectivisation?

1927

How many million kulaks were ‘eliminated’?

7

What was a kolkhoz?

Collective farm

How many million peasants left the countryside to work in the towns, 1928–37?

17

What was a ‘Stakhanovite’?

A hard worker